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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-QSB
(Mark One) Quarterly Report
Under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2007
Transition Report Under Section
13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from
____________ to ____________
Commission File Number: 001-13387
AeroCentury Corp. (Exact name of
small business issuer as specified in its charter)
Delaware 94-3263974 (State or
other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.) 1440 Chapin Avenue, Suite 310
Burlingame, California 94010 (Address of principal executive
offices)
(650) 340-1888 (Issuer’s telephone
number)
None (Former name, former address
and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Check whether the Issuer: (1)
filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such
reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act). Yes No
State the number of shares
outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of
the latest practicable date: As of August 13, 2007 the Issuer had
1,606,557 Shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share,
issued, of which 63,300 are held as Treasury Stock.
Transitional Small Business
Disclosure Format (check one): Yes No
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form
10-QSB includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (“the Exchange Act”). All statements in this Report
other than statements of historical fact are "forward looking
statements" for purposes of these provisions, including any
statements of plans and objectives for future operations and any
statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.
Statements that include the use of terminology such as "may,"
"will," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "estimates," "potential,"
or "continue," or the negative thereof, or other comparable
terminology are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements include: (i) in Item 1 “Financial Statements, Note 1” the
statement that the adoption of SFAS 157 and 159 will not have an
impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operation,
or cash flow (ii) in Item 1 “Financial Statements, Note 6” the
statement that future taxable income will likely be sufficient to
realize the tax benefits of all the deferred tax assets on the
balance sheet; (iii) in Item 2 "Management's Discussion and Analysis
or Plan of Operation -- Liquidity and Capital Resources," statements
regarding the Company's belief that it will continue to be in
compliance with all covenants of its credit facility, (iv) in Item 2
"Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation – Cash
Flow," statements that it will have adequate cash flow to meet its
ongoing operational needs; (v) in Item 2 "Management's Discussion
and Analysis or Plan of Operation -- Outlook," statements regarding
the Company's belief that the proceeds from the increased credit
facility and the Subordinated Note financing will be sufficient to
fund the Company’s short- and medium-term acquisitions; that even if
certain aircraft returned to the Company in March 2007 remain
off-lease for an extended period of time, the Company will still
maintain compliance with its debt covenants; the Company’s belief
regarding the renewal of aircraft with terms ending in 2007 and the
re-lease of an aircraft expected to be returned and not renewed and
the effect on compliance with debt covenants; and the Company’s
belief that its reported net income may be subject to greater
fluctuations from quarter-to-quarter than would have been the case
had the Company continued its use of the previous method of
accounting for planned major maintenance activities; and (vi) in
Item 2 "Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation --
Factors that May Affect Future Results,” statements regarding the
Company's belief that it will be successful in timely acquiring
appropriate assets for acquisition to take full financial advantage
of the additional resources provided under the increased credit
facility and Subordinated Note financing; that it will have
sufficient cash to fund any required repayments under its credit
facility caused by borrowing base limitations as a result of assets
scheduled to come off lease in the near term; that the Company
intends to focus solely on regional aircraft and engines; that JMC’s
industry experience and technical resources will allow it to
effectively manage new aircraft types; that acquisition of new
aircraft types may lead to diversification of the portfolio; that it
will have sufficient funds to pay increased Sarbanes-Oxley
compliance costs; and that it will acquire primarily used aircraft;
that overseas markets present business opportunities; that the
Company is competitive because of JMC's experience and operational
efficiency and will benefit because of JMC's reputation in the
marketplace.
These forward-looking statements
involve risks and uncertainties, and it is important to note that
the Company's actual results could differ materially from those
projected or assumed in such forward-looking statements. Among the
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the
factors detailed under the heading "Management's Discussion and
Analysis or Plan of Operation -- Factors That May Affect Future
Results," including the compliance of the Company's lessees with
obligations under their respective leases; the Company’s success in
finding additional financing and appropriate assets to acquire with
such financing; risks related to use of debt financing for
acquisitions; general economic conditions, particularly those that
affect the air travel industry; unanticipated sharp increases in
interest rates; a sudden weakening in demand for regional aircraft;
further disruptions to the air travel industry due to terrorist
attacks; assumptions that major maintenance expenses will relatively
evenly spaced over the entire portfolio; and future trends and
results which cannot be predicted with certainty. The cautionary
statements made in this Report should be read as being applicable to
all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear herein.
All forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this
document are made as of the date hereof, based on information
available to the Company as of the date hereof, and the Company
assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or
risk factor. You should consult the risk factors listed from time to
time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Item 1. Financial Statements.
AeroCentury Corp. Condensed
Consolidated Balance Sheet Unaudited
ASSETS
June 30, 2007
Assets: Cash and cash equivalents
$ 2,558,200 Accounts receivable, net of allowances 937,130 Aircraft
and aircraft engine held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation
of $23,041,720 103,357,870 Prepaid expenses and other 1,460,890
Total assets $108,314,090
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY
Liabilities: Accounts payable and
accrued expenses $ 855,350 Notes payable and accrued interest
62,944,200 Maintenance reserves and accrued costs 4,692,120 Security
deposits 4,784,350 Prepaid rent 699,640 Deferred income taxes
4,788,370 Income taxes payable 156,250
Total liabilities 78,920,280
Stockholders’ equity: Preferred
stock, $0.001 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares
issued and outstanding - Common stock, $0.001 par value, 3,000,000
shares authorized, 1,606,557 shares issued and outstanding 1,610
Paid in capital 15,377,540 Retained earnings 14,518,730 29,897,880
Treasury stock at cost, 63,300 shares (504,070)
Total stockholders’ equity
29,393,810
Total liabilities and
stockholders’ equity $108,314,090
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of these statements.
AeroCentury Corp. Condensed
Consolidated Statements of Operations Unaudited
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007 2006 2007 2006 (as
restated) (as restated) Revenues and other income:
Operating lease revenue $8,358,610
$7,534,940 $4,151,770 $3,833,940 Maintenance reserves income
1,674,310 1,548,230 846,940 756,480 Gain on sale of aircraft -
33,690 - 33,690 Other 8,480 (5,320) 1,110 3,810
10,041,400 9,111,540 4,999,820
4,627,920 Expenses:
Depreciation 2,493,070 2,315,180
1,258,260 1,160,170 Interest 2,645,780 2,415,630 1,424,080 1,251,370
Management fees 1,367,170 1,379,640 683,770 683,300 Maintenance
costs 925,890 2,736,540 700,550 1,644,060 Professional fees and
general and administrative 352,520 288,770 184,000 122,690 Insurance
75,440 129,250 48,720 51,210 Bad debt expense 15,690 48,820 - -
7,875,560 9,313,830 4,299,380
4,912,800
Income/(loss) before income taxes
2,165,840 (202,290) 700,440 (284,880)
Income tax provision/(benefit)
728,820 (46,940) 237,180 (78,030)
Net income/(loss) $1,437,020
$(155,350) 463,260 $(206,850)
Weighted average common shares
outstanding 1,543,257 1,543,257 1,543,257 1,543,257 Basic
earnings/(loss) per share $ 0.93 $ (0.10) $ 0.30 $ 0.13
Weighted average diluted common
shares outstanding 1,572,502 1,543,257 1,601,423 1,543,257 Diluted
earnings/(loss) per share $ 0.91 $ (0.10) $ 0.29 $ 0.13
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of these statements.
AeroCentury Corp. Condensed
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Unaudited
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2007 2006 (as restated)
Net cash provided by operating
activities $6,902,000 $4,267,100
Investing activities: Proceeds
from sale of aircraft, net of re-sale fees - 1,056,000 Purchases of
aircraft (13,600,940) (1,018,110) Net cash (used)/provided by
investing activities (13,600,940) 37,890
Financing activities: Borrowings
under Credit Facility 11,000,000 1,650,000 Net proceeds received
from issuance of subordinated notes payable 9,237,400 - Debt
issuance costs (735,250) - Repayment of notes payable (13,628,890)
(3,153,420) Net cash provided/(used) by financing activities
5,873,260 (1,503,420)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash
and cash equivalents (825,680) 2,801,570
Cash and cash equivalents,
beginning of period 3,383,880 618,910
Cash and cash equivalents, end of
period $2,558,200 $3,420,480
During the six months ended June
30, 2007 and 2006, the Company paid interest totaling $2,860,300 and
$2,244,490, respectively, and income taxes totaling $1,200 and
$48,800, respectively.
At June 30, 2007, capital
purchases included in accounts payable and accrued expenses were
$347,940.
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of these statements.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
1. Organization and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of Presentation
AeroCentury Corp., a Delaware
corporation, uses leveraged financing to acquire leased aircraft
assets. The Company (as defined below) purchases used regional
aircraft on lease to foreign and domestic regional carriers.
Financial information for AeroCentury Corp. and its wholly-owned
subsidiaries, AeroCentury Investments V LLC (“AeroCentury V LLC”)
and AeroCentury Investments VI LLC (“AeroCentury VI LLC”)
(collectively, the “Company”), is presented on a consolidated basis.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation. As discussed in Notes 1(g) and 2, the Company has
restated its results for the three months and six months ended June
30, 2006 in connection with its adoption of Financial Accounting
Standards Board (“FASB”) Staff Position AUG AIR-1, “Accounting for
Planned Major Maintenance Activities” (“FSP AUG AIR-1”).
(b) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial
statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. The Company bases its estimates
on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are
believed to be reasonable for making judgments that are not readily
apparent from other sources.
The most significant estimates
with regard to these financial statements are the residual values of
the aircraft, the useful lives of the aircraft, the amount and
timing of cash flow associated with each aircraft that are used to
evaluate impairment, if any, accrued maintenance costs, the amounts
recorded as accounts receivable and income allowances, the estimated
fair value of equity instruments, and accounting for income taxes.
(c) Cash and Cash
Equivalents/Deposits
The Company considers highly
liquid investments readily convertible into known amounts of cash,
with original maturities of 90 days or less from the date of
acquisition, as cash equivalents.
(d) Aircraft and Aircraft Engine
Held For Lease and Held for Sale and Depreciation
The Company’s interests in
aircraft and aircraft engines are recorded at cost, which includes
acquisition costs. The Company purchases only used aircraft. It is
the Company’s policy to hold aircraft for approximately twelve years
unless market conditions dictate otherwise. Depreciation is computed
using the straight-line method over the twelve year period to an
estimated residual value based on appraisal. Decreases in the market
value of aircraft could not only affect the current value, but could
also affect the assumed residual value. The Company periodically
obtains a residual value appraisal for its assets and, historically,
has not written down any estimated residuals. Any aircraft which are
held for sale are not subject to depreciation.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
1. Organization and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(e) Impairment of Long-lived
Assets
The Company periodically reviews
its portfolio of assets for impairment in accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 144, “Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets." Such review
necessitates estimates of current market values, re-lease rents,
residual values and component values. The estimates are based on
currently available market data and third party appraisals and are
subject to fluctuation from time to time. The Company initiates its
review periodically, whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be
recoverable. Recoverability of an asset is measured by comparison of
its carrying amount to the expected future undiscounted cash flows
(without interest charges) that the asset is expected to generate.
Any impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which
the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair market value.
Significant management judgment is required in the forecasting of
future operating results which are used in the preparation of
projected undiscounted cash flows and, should different conditions
prevail, material write downs may occur.
(f) Deferred Financing Costs and
Unused Commitment Fees
Costs incurred in connection with
term debt financing are deferred and amortized over the term of the
debt using the effective interest method or, in certain instances
where the differences are not material, using the straight line
method. Costs incurred in connection with the revolving debt are
deferred and amortized using the straight method. Unused commitment
fees are expensed as incurred.
(g) Maintenance Reserves and
Accrued Costs
Maintenance costs under the
Company’s triple net leases are generally the responsibility of the
lessees. Refundable maintenance reserves received by the Company are
accounted for as a liability, which is reduced when maintenance work
is performed during the lease. Generally, under the terms of the
Company’s leases, the lessees pay amounts to the Company based on
usage, which are estimated to cover the expected maintenance cost.
Maintenance reserves which are refundable to the lessee are refunded
after all return conditions specified in the lease and, in some
cases, any other payments due under the lease, are satisfied. Any
refundable reserves retained by the Company to satisfy return
conditions or in connection with an early return of an aircraft are
recorded as income. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet
reflects liabilities for maintenance reserves and accrued costs,
which include refundable maintenance payments received from lessees
based on usage. At June 30, 2007, the Company’s maintenance reserves
and accruals consisted of the following:
Refundable maintenance reserves $
3,616,510 Accrued costs 1,075,610 $ 4,692,120
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
1. Organization and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(g) Maintenance Reserves and
Accrued Costs (continued)
As more fully discussed at Note 2,
the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Staff Position AUG AIR-1,
“Accounting for Planned Major Maintenance Activities” (“FSP AUG
AIR-1”) effective January 1, 2007. The Company has elected to use
the direct expensing method to account for maintenance costs.
Maintenance costs associated with non-refundable reserves are
expensed as such in the condensed consolidated statement of
operations in the period a reimbursement claim for incurred
maintenance or sufficient information is received from the lessee.
Non-refundable maintenance reserves collected from lessees are
recorded as maintenance reserves income in the period invoiced,
assuming collections are reasonably assured or cash is received. Due
to the timing difference of recording maintenance reserves income
and recording maintenance costs, the effect to current period income
could be material. Comparative financial statements have been
adjusted to apply the new method retrospectively. The effects of
adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1 on the Company’s financial condition and
results of operations are shown in Note 2.
Additions to and deductions from
the Company’s accrued costs during the six months ended June 30,
2007 and 2006 for maintenance work were as follows:
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2007 2006 (as restated)
Balance, beginning of period $
3,846,690 $ 3,350,430 Adjustment pursuant to FSP AUG AIR-1
(3,499,260) (2,689,630) Balance, beginning of period, adjusted for
adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1 347,430 660.800 Additions: Charged to
expense 877,740 2,357,640 Charged to other - 2,410 877,740 2,360,050
Deductions: Paid for previously accrued maintenance 137,020
2,700,810 Reversals of over-accrued maintenance 12,540 - 149,560
2,700,810
Net increase/(decrease) in accrued
maintenance costs 728,180 (340,760)
Balance, end of period $ 1,075,610
$ 320,040
(h) Security deposits
The Company’s leases are typically
structured so that if any event of default occurs under a lease, the
Company may apply all or a portion of the lessee’s security deposit
to cure such default. If such application of the security deposit is
made, the lessee typically is required to replenish and maintain the
full amount of the deposit during the remaining term of the lease.
All of the security deposits received by the Company are refundable
to the lessee at the end of the lease, upon satisfaction of all
lease terms.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
1. Organization and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(i) Income Taxes
As part of the process of
preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements,
management is required to estimate income taxes in each of the
jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This process involves
estimating the Company’s current tax exposure under the most recent
tax laws and assessing temporary differences resulting from
differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These
differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are
included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Management
must also assess the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax
assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and, to the
extent management believes it is more likely than not that some
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, the
Company must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent the
Company establishes a valuation allowance or changes the allowance
in a period, the Company reflects the corresponding increase or
decrease within the tax provision in the consolidated statement of
operations.
The Company adopted the provisions
of FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement 109” (“FIN 48”)
effective on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of
FIN 48, the Company recognized no adjustment in the liability for
unrecognized income tax benefits relating to uncertain tax
positions.
(j) Revenue Recognition, Accounts
Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Revenue from leasing of aircraft
assets is recognized as operating lease revenue on a straight-line
basis over the terms of the applicable lease agreements.
Non-refundable maintenance reserves collected from lessees are
accrued as maintenance reserves income based on aircraft usage. In
instances for which collectibility is not reasonably assured, the
Company recognizes revenue as cash payments are received. The
Company estimates and charges to income a provision for bad debts
based on its experience in the business and with each specific
customer, the level of past due accounts, and its analysis of the
lessees’ overall financial condition. If the financial condition of
the Company’s customers deteriorates, it could result in actual
losses exceeding any estimated allowances.
(k) Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
The Company does not have any
comprehensive income other than the revenue and expense items
included in the consolidated statements of operations. As a result,
comprehensive income/(loss) equals net income for the three months
and six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
1. Organization and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
(l) Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
In September 2006, the SEC staff
issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (SAB Topic 1N), Considering
the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying
Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements (“SAB 108”),
which outlines the approach it believes registrants should use to
quantify the misstatement of current year financial statements that
results from misstatements of prior year financial statements. SAB
108 changes practice by requiring registrants to use a combination
of two approaches, the “rollover” approach, which quantifies a
misstatement based on the amount of the error originating in the
current year income statement and the “iron curtain” approach, which
quantifies a misstatement based on the effects of correcting the
misstatement existing in the balance sheet at the end of the current
year. SAB 108 requires registrants to adjust their financial
statements if the new approach results in a conclusion that an error
is material. SAB 108 was effective for fiscal years ending after
November 15, 2006. The Company adopted SAB 108 for the year ended
December 31, 2006. The effects of adjustments made pursuant to SAB
108 on the Company’s results of operations are shown in Note 2.
In September 2006, the FASB issued
SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). This Statement
defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value
in generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under
other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value
measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those
accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant
measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS 157 does not require any
new fair value measurements. However, for some entities, the
application of SFAS 157 will change current practice. This statement
is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and
interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company believes the
adoption of SFAS 157 will not have an impact on its financial
condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued
SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits companies to make a
one-time election to carry eligible types of financial assets and
liabilities at fair value, even if fair value measurement is not
required under GAAP. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted if
the decision to adopt the standard is made after the issuance of
SFAS 159 but within 120 days after the first day of the fiscal year
of adoption, provided no financial statements have yet been issued
for any interim period and provided the requirements of SFAS 157 are
adopted concurrently with SFAS 159. The Company believes the
adoption of SFAS 159 will not have an impact on its financial
condition, results of operations or cash flows.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
2. Adoption of SAB 108 and FSP AUG
AIR-1
As discussed in Note 1, the
Company adopted SAB 108 for the year ended December 31, 2006. In the
course of evaluating balance sheet amounts under the provisions of
SAB 108, the Company identified the following adjustments as of
January 1, 2006: (i) as a result of non-refundable maintenance
reserves received at the time four aircraft were purchased in 1999
which should have been treated as a tax basis reduction rather than
a liability for maintenance reserves, a net decrease to the
Company’s deferred tax liability in the amount of $269,340; (ii) as
a result of funds received from the seller when the Company
purchased an aircraft in 2004, which should have been treated as a
reduction in the purchase price rather than a liability for
maintenance reserves, and the incorrect tax treatment of a portion
of maintenance reserves as non-refundable instead of refundable, a
decrease of $287,650 to both the cost basis of the Company’s
aircraft and maintenance reserves and accrued costs, a decrease of
$33,960 in accumulated depreciation, an increase of $12,180 in
accounts receivable, and an increase of $14,790 in deferred tax
liabilities; (iii) as a result of a reversal of tax liabilities due
to a lower anticipated state tax rate than was provided for at the
time of the Company’s incorporation, a decrease of $136,800 to
deferred tax liabilities and (iv) as a result of the incorrect
treatment of interest related to maintenance reserves for one
aircraft as additional reserves rather than income, a decrease of
$103,080 to refundable maintenance reserves. These amounts were
recorded in immaterial amounts prior to 2006. However, using the
dual evaluation approach prescribed by SAB 108, correction of the
above amounts would have been material to earnings for 2006. In
accordance with SAB 108, these adjustments have been reflected as an
opening adjustment of $540,570 to retained earnings at January 1,
2006. In addition, comparative information for the six months and
three months ended June 30, 2006 has been adjusted to reflect the
adoption of SAB 108, as summarized below:
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2006 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 As reported previously
As adjusted under SAB 108 Increase/ (decrease) effect of change As
reported previously As adjusted under SAB 108 Increase/ (decrease)
effect of change
Operating lease revenue $7,534,940
$7,534,940 $ - $3,833,940 $3,833,940 $ - Maintenance reserves income
- - - - - - Gain on sale of aircraft 408,840 408,840 408,840 408,840
- Other 2,391,190 2,391,190 - 3,810 3,810 - 10,334,970 10,334,970 -
4,246,590 4,246,590 -
Depreciation 2,460,960 2,448,970
(11,990) 1,230,770 1,224,770 (6,000) Interest 2,415,630 2,415,630 -
1,251,370 1,251,370 - Management fees 1,383,250 1,379,640 (3,610)
685,100 683,300 (1,800) Maintenance 3,333,320 3,333,320 - 779,490
779,490 - Professional fees and other 466,840 466,840 - 173,900
173,900 - 10,060,400 10,044,400 (15,600) 4,120,630 4,112,830 (7,800)
Income before taxes 274,970
290,570 15,600 125,960 133,760 7,800 Tax provision 84,380 106,790
22,410 40,360 51,560 11,200 Net income $ 190,590 $ 183,780 $(6,810)
$ 85,600 $ 82,200 $(3,400) Earnings per share: Basic $ 0.12 $ 0.12 $
- $ 0.06 $ 0.05 $ (0.01) Diluted $ 0.12 $ 0.12 $ - $ 0.06 $ 0.05 $
(0.01) AeroCentury Corp. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements (Unaudited) June 30, 2007
2. Adoption of SAB 108 and FSP AUG
AIR-1 (continued)
As discussed in Note 1, the
Company adopted FSP AUG AIR-1 on January 1, 2007. The effects on the
Company’s statement of operations as a result of the retroactive
restatement of the Company’s results of operations for the six
months and three months ended June 30, 2006 were as follows.
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2006 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 As adjusted under SAB
108 As reported under FSP AUG AIR-1 Increase/ (decrease) effect of
change As adjusted under SAB 108 As reported under FSP AUG AIR-1
Increase/ (decrease) effect of change
Operating lease revenue $7,534,940
$7,534,940 $ - $3,833,940 $3,833,940 $ - Maintenance reserves income
- 1,548,230 1,548,230 - 756,480 756,480 Gain on sale of aircraft
408,840 33,690 (375,150) 408,840 33,690 (375,150) Other income
2,391,190 (5,320) (2,396,510) 3,810 3,810 - 10,334,970 9,111,540
(1,223,430) 4,246,590 4,627,920 381,330
Depreciation 2,448,970 2,315,180
(133,790) 1,224,770 1,160,170 (64,600) Interest 2,415,630 2,415,630
- 1,251,370 1,251,370 - Management fees 1,379,640 1,379,640 -
683,300 683,300 - Maintenance 3,333,320 2,736,540 (596,780) 779,490
1,644,060 864,570 Professional fees and other 466,840 466,840 -
173,900 173,900 - 10,044,000 9,313,830 (730,570) 4,112,830 4,912,800
799,970
Income/(loss) before taxes 290,570
(202,290) (492,860) 133,760 (284,880) (418,640) Tax
provision/(benefit) 106,790 (46,940) (153,730) 51,560 (78,030)
(129,590) Net income/(loss) $ 183,780 $ (155,350) $(339,130) $
82,200 $(206,850) $(289,050) Earnings/(loss) per share: Basic $ 0.12
$ (0.10) $ (0.22) $ 0.05 $ (0.13) $ (0.18) Diluted $ 0.12 $ (0.10) $
(0.22) $ 0.05 $ (0.13) $ (0.18)
3. Aircraft and Aircraft Engine
Held for Lease
At June 30, 2007, the Company
owned eight deHavilland DHC-8-300s, three deHavilland DHC-8-100s,
three deHavilland DHC-6s, fourteen Fokker 50s, two Saab 340As, six
Saab 340Bs, two Fokker 100s and one turboprop engine which are held
for lease. During the second quarter, the Company purchased two
Fokker 100 aircraft which are subject to leases with a regional
carrier in the Netherlands Antilles for terms expiring in January
2012. During the second quarter, the Company also extended the
leases for six of its Fokker 50 aircraft for three years. At June
30, 2007, the Company’s two Saab 340A aircraft and one turboprop
engine were off lease.
In March 2007, based on the
lessee’s financial difficulties, the Company agreed to the early
return of two of its aircraft, which had leases expiring in May and
July 2008. In March 2007, the Company recorded $15,700 of bad debt
expense for uncollected reserves. The Company has filed a complaint
against the lessee. The Company is seeking re-lease or sale
opportunities for these aircraft.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
4. Notes Payable and Accrued
Interest
(a) Credit facility
On April 17, 2007, the Company and
the lenders under its revolving credit facility (the “Credit
Facility”) entered into an amended and restated credit agreement,
which provides for (i) a three-year term, (ii) a $25 million
increase in the current amount available under the credit facility
from $55 million to $80 million and (iii) the ability to increase
the maximum amount available under the credit facility to $110
million. Certain financial covenants were also modified. During the
first six months of 2007, the Company repaid $13,000,000 of the
outstanding principal under its Credit Facility. As of June 30,
2007, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the
Credit Facility agreement, $48,896,000 was outstanding, and interest
of $66,580 was accrued. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, the
Company pays a commitment fee based upon the applicable commitment
fee rate on the unused portion of the Credit Facility. Unused
commitment fees are expensed as incurred and paid quarterly in
arrears.
(b) Senior unsecured subordinated
debt
On April 17, 2007, the Company
entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company
will issue 16% senior unsecured subordinated notes ("Subordinated
Notes"), with an aggregate principal amount of up to $28 million to
certain note purchasers (“Note Purchasers”). The Subordinated Notes
will be issued at 99% of the face amount and are due December 30,
2011. Under the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Note Purchasers
also were issued warrants to purchase up to 171,473 shares of the
Company's common stock at an exercise price of $8.75 per share. The
warrants are exercisable for a four-year period after the earliest
of (i) a change of control, or (ii) the final maturity of the
related Subordinated Notes, which is December 30, 2011. Pursuant to
an investor’s registration rights agreement, the warrants are
subject to registration rights that require the Company to use
commercially reasonable efforts to register the shares issued in
conjunction with an exercise of the warrants. Under the terms of the
Subordinated Notes, on the last day of each month, commencing on May
31, 2007 and ending on the earlier of June 30, 2008 or the final
closing, the Company pays a commitment fee on any unissued amount,
of the Subordinated Notes.
In connection with the issuance of
the Subordinated Notes, the Company incurred approximately
$1,498,000 of costs, of which approximately $763,000 was recorded as
debt discount and approximately $689,000 and $46,000 were recorded
as deferred financing costs and as a reduction to additional paid-in
capital, respectively. The Company allocated approximately $25.5
million of the expected proceeds of the Subordinated Notes to debt
and approximately $1.6 million to the warrants on the basis of their
estimated relative fair values. The allocation of proceeds
representing the fair value of the warrants was recorded as
additional debt discount on the Subordinated Notes and additional
paid-in capital.
The Company is amortizing the
total debt discount and deferred financing costs using the interest
method over the term of the Subordinated Notes. Unused commitment
fees are expensed as incurred.
At the initial April 17, 2007
closing, Subordinated Notes with a face amount of $10 million were
issued. The remaining $18 million of Subordinated Notes are required
to be issued on or before June 30, 2008. The Company intends to use
the proceeds of the Subordinated Notes offering for acquisition of
additional aircraft assets. As of June 30, 2007, the Company was in
compliance with all covenants under the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the carrying amount of the Subordinated Notes was
approximately $7,622,170 (outstanding principal amount of
$10,000,000 less unamortized debt discount of approximately
$2,377,830) and accrued interest payable was $133,330.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
4. Notes Payable and Accrued
Interest (continued)
(c) Special purpose financing
In September 2000, a special
purpose subsidiary acquired a deHavilland DHC-8-100 aircraft using
cash and bank financing separate from its Credit Facility. The
related note obligation, which was due April 15, 2006, was
refinanced in April 2006, using bank financing from another lender,
and the subsidiary was dissolved. The aircraft was transferred to
AeroCentury VI LLC, a newly formed special purpose limited liability
company, which borrowed $1,650,000, due October 15, 2009. The note
bears interest at an adjustable rate of one-month LIBOR plus 3%. The
note is collateralized by the aircraft and the Company’s interest in
AeroCentury VI LLC and is non-recourse to AeroCentury Corp. Payments
due under the note consist of monthly principal and interest through
April 20, 2009, interest only from April 20, 2009 until the maturity
date, and a balloon principal payment due on the maturity date. If
the aircraft lease agreement is terminated on April 15, 2008
pursuant to a lessee early termination option, the note will be due
October 15, 2008, and the interest only period will be from April
20, 2008 through October 15, 2008. During the six months ended June
30, 2007, $152,730 of principal was repaid on the note. The balance
of the note payable at June 30, 2007 was $1,268,610 and interest of
$3,220 was accrued. As of June 30, 2007, the Company was in
compliance with all covenants of this note obligation.
In November 2005, the Company
refinanced two DHC-8-300 aircraft that had been part of the
collateral base for its Credit Facility. The financing, by a bank
separate from its Credit Facility, was provided to a newly formed
special purpose subsidiary, AeroCentury V LLC, to which the aircraft
were transferred. The financing resulted in a note obligation in the
amount of $6,400,000, due November 10, 2008, which bears interest at
the rate 7.87%. The note is collateralized by the aircraft and is
non-recourse to AeroCentury Corp. Payments due under the note
consist of monthly principal and interest through April 22, 2008,
interest only from April 22, 2008 until the maturity date, and a
balloon principal payment due on the maturity date. During the six
months ended June 30, 2007, AeroCentury V LLC repaid $476,160 of
principal. The balance of the note payable at June 30, 2007 was
$4,944,560 and interest of $9,730 was accrued. As of June 30, 2007,
the Company was in compliance with all covenants of this note
obligation.
5. Stockholder Rights Plan
On April 8, 1998, the Company’s
Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan granting a
dividend of one stock purchase right for each share of the Company’s
common stock outstanding as of April 23, 1998. The rights become
exercisable only upon the occurrence of certain events specified in
the plan, including the acquisition of 15% of the Company’s
outstanding common stock by a person or group. Each right entitles
the holder to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of Series A
Preferred Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $66.00 per
one-one-hundredth of a share. Each right entitles the holder, other
than an “acquiring person,” to acquire shares of the Company’s
common stock at a 50% discount to the then prevailing market price.
The Company’s Board of Directors may redeem outstanding rights at a
price of $0.01 per right.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
6. Income Taxes
The items comprising income tax
expense are as follows: For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 2006
(as restated) Current tax provision: Federal $ - $ - State 2,070
11,140 Foreign 76,100 - Current tax provision 78,170 11,140
Deferred tax provision/(benefit):
Federal 660,430 (72,380) State (9,780) 14,300 Deferred tax
provision/(benefit) 650,650 (58,080) Total provision/(benefit) for
income taxes $728,820 $(46,940)
Total income tax expense differs
from the amount that would be provided by applying the statutory
federal income tax rate to pretax earnings as illustrated below:
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2007 2006 (as restated)
Income tax provision/(benefit) at
statutory federal income tax rate $736,390 $(68,780) State tax
provision, net of federal benefit 8,960 6,720 Tax rate differences
and other (16,530) 15,120 Total income tax provision/(benefit)
$728,820 $(46,940)
Tax rate differences reflect the
change in effective state tax rates that resulted from changes in
state income tax apportionments related to changed nexus of aircraft
leasing activities among various states.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
6. Income Taxes (continued)
Temporary differences and
carry-forwards that give rise to a significant portion of deferred
tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2007 are as follows:
Deferred tax assets: Current and
prior year tax losses $1,200,370 Prepaid rent 274,320 Cumulative
effects of prior year adjustments 238,910 Maintenance 229,080
Foreign tax credit carryover 193,950 Bad debt allowance and other
70,930 Deferred tax assets 2,207,560 Deferred tax liabilities:
Accumulated depreciation on aircraft and aircraft engines
(6,972,590) Subordinated Notes loan fees and discount (23,340) Net
deferred tax liabilities $(4,788,370)
No valuation allowance is deemed
necessary, as the Company has concluded that, based on an assessment
of all available evidence, it is more likely than not that future
taxable income will be sufficient to realize the tax benefits of all
the deferred tax assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The prior
year tax losses will be available to offset taxable income in each
of the two preceding tax years and in future years through 2026. The
foreign tax credit carryover will be available to offset federal tax
expense in the first preceding tax year and in future years through
2017.
As described in Note 1, the
Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, which prescribes
treatment of "unrecognized tax positions," and requires measurement
and disclosure of such amounts. At both January 1, 2007 and June 30,
2007, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits.
The Company accounts for interest
related to uncertain tax positions as interest expense, and for
penalties as tax expense.
All of the Company's tax years
remain open to examination other than as barred in the various
jurisdictions by statutes of limitations.
AeroCentury Corp. Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) June 30,
2007
7. Computation of Net
Income/(Loss) Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per
share are calculated as follows:
For the Six Months For the Three
Months Ended June 30, Ended June 30, 2007 2006 2007 2006 (as
restated) (as restated)
Net income/(loss) $1,437,020
($155,350) $463,260 ($206,850)
Weighted average shares
outstanding for the period 1,543,257 1,543,257 1,543,257 1,543,257
Dilutive effect of warrants 29,245 - 58,166 - Weighted average
diluted shares outstanding 1,572,502 1,543,257 1,601,423 1,543,257
Basic earnings/(loss) per share $
0.93 $ (0.10) $ 0.30 $ (0.13) Diluted earnings/(loss) per share $
0.91 $ (0.10) $ 0.29 $ (0.13)
Basic income/(loss) per common
share is computed using net income and the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted
income/(loss) per common share is computed using net income and the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution. Weighted average common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution, includes potentially dilutive common shares outstanding
during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares include the
assumed exercise of warrants using the treasury stock method.
8. Related Party Transactions
The Company has no employees. Its
portfolio of leased aircraft assets is managed and administered
under the terms of a management agreement with JetFleet Management
Corp. (“JMC”), which is an integrated aircraft management, marketing
and financing business and a subsidiary of JetFleet Holding Corp.
("JHC"). Certain officers of the Company are also officers of JHC
and JMC and hold significant ownership positions in both JHC and the
Company. Under the management agreement, JMC receives a monthly
management fee based on the net asset value of the assets under
management. JMC also receives an acquisition fee for locating assets
for the Company, provided that the aggregate purchase price,
including chargeable acquisition costs and any acquisition fee, does
not exceed the fair market value of the asset based on appraisal,
and may receive a remarketing fee in connection with the sale or
re-lease of the Company’s assets. The Company recorded management
fees of $1,367,170 and $1,379,640 during the six months ended June
30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company paid acquisition fees
totaling $445,400 to JMC during the six months ended June 30, 2007,
which are included in the cost basis of the aircraft purchased.
Because the Company did not acquire any aircraft during the first
six months of 2006, no acquisition fees were paid to JMC for this
period. The Company paid remarketing fees totaling $44,000 to JMC in
connection with the sale of an aircraft during the first six months
of 2006, which is included in the computation of the gain on sale of
aircraft. No remarketing fees were paid to JMC during the six months
ended June 30, 2007.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion
and Analysis or Plan of Operation.
Overview
The Company owns regional aircraft
and engines which are leased to customers under triple net operating
leases. The acquisition of such equipment is generally made using
debt financing. The Company’s profitability and cash flow are
dependent in large part upon its ability to acquire equipment,
obtain and maintain favorable lease rates on such equipment, and
re-lease or sell owned equipment that comes off lease. The Company
is subject to the credit risk of its lessees, both as to collection
of rent and to performance by lessees of their obligations to
maintain the aircraft. Since lease rates for assets in the Company’s
portfolio generally decline as the assets age, the Company’s ability
to maintain revenue and earnings is primarily dependent upon the
Company’s ability to grow its asset portfolio.
The Company’s principal
expenditures are for interest costs on its financing, management
fees, and maintenance of its aircraft assets. Maintenance
expenditures are incurred when aircraft are off lease, are being
prepared for re-lease, or require maintenance in excess of lease
return conditions, as well as when maintenance work is performed in
connection with the release of non-refundable maintenance reserves
previously received by the Company from lessees. See “c. Maintenance
Reserves and Accrued Costs,” below, regarding the Company’s
accounting treatment of maintenance expenses.
The most significant non-cash
expenses include aircraft depreciation, which is the result of
significant estimates, and, beginning in the second quarter of 2007,
amortization of costs associated with the Company’s Subordinated
Notes.
Critical Accounting Policies,
Judgments and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of the
Company’s financial condition and results of operations are based
upon the consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. The preparation of these financial
statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and
expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results
may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or
conditions.
The Company’s significant
accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated
financial statements. The Company believes that the most critical
accounting policies include the following: Impairment of Long-lived
Assets; Depreciation Policy; Maintenance Reserves and Accrued Costs;
Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable and Income Allowances;
and Accounting for Income Taxes.
a. Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company periodically reviews
its portfolio of assets for impairment in accordance with SFAS 144,
“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets."
Such review necessitates estimates of current market values,
re-lease rents, residual values and component values. The estimates
are based on currently available market data and third-party
appraisals and are subject to fluctuation from time to time. The
Company initiates its review periodically, whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a
long-lived asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of an asset
is measured by comparison of its carrying amount to the expected
future undiscounted cash flows (without interest charges) that the
asset is expected to generate. Any impairment to be recognized is
measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset
exceeds its fair market value. Significant management judgment is
required in the forecasting of future operating results which are
used in the preparation of projected undiscounted cash flows and
should different conditions prevail, material write downs may occur.
b. Aircraft and Aircraft Engine
Held For Lease and Held for Sale and Depreciation
The Company’s interests in
aircraft and aircraft engines are recorded at cost, which includes
acquisition costs. The Company purchases only used aircraft. It is
the Company’s policy to hold aircraft for approximately twelve years
unless market conditions dictate otherwise. Depreciation is computed
using the straight-line method over the twelve year period to an
estimated residual value based on appraisal. Decreases in the market
value of aircraft could not only affect the current value, discussed
above, but could also affect the assumed residual value. The Company
periodically obtains a residual value appraisal for its assets and,
historically, has not had to write down any assets due to revised
estimated residuals.
c. Maintenance Reserves and
Accrued Costs
Maintenance costs under the
Company’s triple net leases are generally the responsibility of the
lessees. Maintenance reserves and accrued costs in the accompanying
condensed consolidated balance sheet include refundable maintenance
payments received from lessees, which will be paid out as related
maintenance is performed.
Upon adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1 on
January 1, 2007, as discussed in Note 1 to the Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company was required to
discontinue the accrue-in-advance method of accounting for planned
major maintenance for financial reporting periods beginning on
January 1, 2007. The Company has evaluated the impact of the
adoption of this new staff position and elected to use the direct
expensing method, under which maintenance costs are expensed as
incurred. In addition, non-refundable maintenance reserves from the
Company’s lessees for planned major maintenance will be reflected as
income. The Company accrues estimated maintenance costs at the time
a reimbursement claim for incurred maintenance or sufficient
information is received from its lessees.
Accrued costs also reflect amounts
accrued by the Company for maintenance work performed under certain
circumstances and which is not related to the release of reserves
received from lessees.
Historically, as a result of two
situations, the Company incurred significant maintenance expense
when aircraft were returned early and in a condition worse than
required by the lease and for which the Company was unable to
recover the costs of non-compliance from the lessees.
d. Revenue Recognition, Accounts
Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Revenue from leasing of aircraft
assets is recognized as operating lease revenue on a straight-line
basis over the terms of the applicable lease agreements.
Non-refundable maintenance reserves collected from lessees are
accrued as maintenance reserves income based on aircraft usage. In
instances for which collectibility is not reasonably assured, the
Company recognizes revenue as cash payments are received. The
Company estimates and charges to income a provision for bad debts
based on its experience in the business and with each specific
customer, the level of past due accounts, and its analysis of the
lessees’ overall financial condition. If the financial condition of
the Company’s customers deteriorates, it could result in actual
losses exceeding the estimated allowances.
e. Accounting for Income Taxes
As part of the process of
preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements,
management is required to estimate income taxes in each of the
jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This process involves
estimating the Company’s current tax exposure under the most recent
tax laws and assessing temporary differences resulting from
differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These
differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are
included in the consolidated balance sheet. Management must also
assess the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax assets will be
recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent management
believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax assets will not be realized, the Company must establish
a valuation allowance. To the extent the Company establishes a
valuation allowance or changes the allowance in a period, the
Company reflects the corresponding increase or decrease within the
tax provision in the consolidated statements of operations. As
discussed in Note 1 to the condensed financial statements, the
Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, which proscribes
treatment of “unrecognized tax positions” and requires measurement
and disclosure of such amounts.
Significant management judgment is
required in determining the Company’s future taxable income for
purposes of assessing the Company’s ability to realize any benefit
from its deferred taxes. In the event that actual results differ
from these estimates or the Company adjusts these estimates in
future periods, the Company’s operating results and financial
position could be materially affected.
Results of Operations
a. Revenues
Operating lease revenue was
approximately $824,000 and $318,000 higher in the six months and
three months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, versus the same
periods in 2006, primarily because of increased operating lease
revenue from aircraft purchased in the fourth quarter of 2006, rent
increases for several of the Company’s aircraft and revenue from
several aircraft which had been off lease for part of the 2006
periods, the effects of which were partially offset by a decrease in
revenue related to aircraft which were off lease for part of the
2007 periods.
Maintenance reserves income was
approximately $126,000 and $90,000 higher in the six months and
three months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, versus the same
periods in 2006, as a result of increased aircraft usage by the
Company’s lessees, on which the amount of reserves income is based,
and the acquisition of two aircraft in June 2007.
There were no sales of aircraft in
the first six months of 2007. Gain on sale of aircraft was
approximately $34,000 in the first six months of 2006 as a result of
the sale of an aircraft in April 2006.
Other income was approximately
$14,000 higher in the six months ended June 30, 2007 versus the same
period in 2006, primarily as a result of an increase in the amount
of interest income earned on the Company’s cash balances, which were
higher in 2007, net of accrued interest payable to lessees for
certain of the Company’s security deposits and maintenance reserves
payable. Other income was approximately $3,000 lower in the three
months ended June 30, 2007 versus the same period in 2006, primarily
as a result of an increase in the amount of accrued interest payable
to lessees for certain of the Company’s securities deposits and
maintenance reserves.
b. Expense items
Depreciation was approximately
$178,000 and $98,000 higher in the six months and three months ended
June 30, 2007 versus 2006, respectively, primarily because of
purchases of aircraft in the fourth quarter of 2006 and second
quarter of 2007, the effect of which was partially offset by an
aircraft sale in the second quarter of 2006. Management fees, which
are calculated on the net book value of the aircraft owned by the
Company, were approximately $12,000 lower in the six months ended
June 30, 2007 compared to 2006 because of lower net book values as a
result of depreciation. The effects of these changes were partially
offset by the purchase of three aircraft in the fourth quarter of
2006. Management fees were approximately the same in the three
months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
Interest expense was approximately
$230,000 and $173,000 higher in the six months and three months
ended June 30, 2007, respectively, versus 2006, as a result of an
increase in the Company’s Subordinated Notes balance in 2007, which
was used to repay a portion of the Company’s senior debt, but which
bears interest at a higher rate, and increases in the index rates
upon which the Company’s senior debt interest rates are based, the
effects of which were partially offset by a lower average senior
debt principal balance and margin in 2007 compared to 2006.
The Company’s maintenance expense
is dependent on the aggregate maintenance claims submitted by
lessees and expenses incurred in connection with off-lease aircraft.
As a result of lower total lessee claims and less expense incurred
for off-lease aircraft in 2007, the Company incurred approximately
$1,811,000 and $944,000 less in maintenance expense in the six
months and three months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2006.
Total professional fees and
general and administrative expenses were approximately $64,000
higher in the six months ended June 30, 2007 versus the same period
in 2006, primarily because of higher accounting fees and an increase
in directors fees which was authorized by the board of directors,
effective January 1, 2007. The effect of these increases was
partially offset by a decrease in legal fees. Total professional
fees and general and administrative expenses were approximately
$61,000 higher in the three months ended June 30, 2007 versus the
same period in 2006, primarily because of higher accounting fees,
legal expense incurred in connection with the early termination of
two of the Company’s aircraft leases, and the increase in directors
fees noted above.
The Company's insurance expense
consists primarily of directors and officers insurance, as well as
product liability insurance and insurance for off-lease aircraft and
aircraft engines, which varies depending on the type of assets
insured during each period and the length of time each asset is
insured. As a result of the combination of assets insured during
each period and the length of time each was insured, aircraft
insurance expense was approximately $47,000 lower in the six months
ended June 30, 2007, versus the same period of 2006, and
approximately the same in the three months ended June 30, 2007 and
2006.
During the six months ended June
30, 2007, the Company recorded bad debt expense of approximately
$16,000 for maintenance reserves that were written off in connection
with a lessee’s early return of two aircraft. During the six months
ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded bad debt expense of
approximately $49,000 for a rent receivable that was written off in
connection with a lessee’s early return of an aircraft. The Company
recorded no bad debt expense in the three months ended June 30, 2007
or 2006.
The Company did not record any
impairment charges in the first six months of 2007 or 2006.
The Company’s effective tax rates
for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 were approximately
34% and 23%, respectively. The change in rate was primarily a result
of the change in effective state tax rates resulting from the
decrease in the number of aircraft leased to domestic carriers.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company is currently financing
its assets primarily through debt borrowings, special purpose
financing and excess cash flow.
(a) Credit Facility
In November 2005, the Company’s
Credit Facility was renewed through October 31, 2007. In connection
with the renewal, certain financial covenants were modified,
including the applicable margin, which is added to the index rate
for each of the Company’s outstanding loans under the facility. The
margin, which is determined by certain financial ratios, was revised
from a range of 275 to 375 basis points to a range of 275 to 325
basis points. In May 2006, a participant was added to the Company’s
Credit Facility and the amount of the facility was increased from
$50 million to $55 million.
On April 17, 2007, the Company and
the Credit Facility lenders entered into an amended and restated
credit agreement, which provides for (i) a three-year term, (ii) a
$25 million increase in the current amount available under the
Credit Facility to $80 million and (iii) the ability to increase the
maximum amount available under the Credit Facility to $110 million.
Certain financial covenants were also modified.
During the first six months of
2007, the Company repaid $13,000,000 of the outstanding principal
under its Credit Facility. The balance of the note payable at June
30, 2007 was $48,896,000 and interest of $66,580 was accrued.
On June 30, 2006, the Company was
out of compliance with a financial ratio covenant relating to net
income. The Company obtained a waiver from its banks regarding that
covenant for the quarter ending on that date. The Company is
currently in compliance with all covenants and, based on its current
projections, the Company believes it will continue to be in
compliance with all covenants of its Credit Facility, but there can
be no assurance of such compliance in the future. See "Factors That
May Affect Future Results – 'Risks of Debt Financing’ and 'Credit
Facility Obligations,’” below.
The Company's interest expense in
connection with the Credit Facility generally moves up and down with
prevailing interest rates, as the Company has not entered into any
interest rate hedge transactions for the Credit Facility
indebtedness. Because aircraft owners seeking financing generally
can obtain financing through either leasing transactions or
traditional secured debt financings, prevailing interest rates are a
significant factor in determining market lease rates, and market
lease rates generally move up or down with prevailing interest
rates, assuming supply and demand of the desired equipment remain
constant. However, because lease rates for the Company’s assets
typically are fixed under existing leases, the Company normally does
not experience any positive or negative impact in revenue from
changes in market lease rates due to interest rate changes until
existing leases have terminated and new lease rates are set as the
aircraft is re-leased.
(b) Senior unsecured subordinated
debt
On April 17, 2007, the Company
entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company
will issue 16% senior unsecured subordinated notes ("Subordinated
Notes"), with an aggregate principal amount of up to $28 million to
certain note purchasers (“Note Purchasers”). The Subordinated Notes
will be issued at 99% of the face amount and are due December 30,
2011. Under the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Note Purchasers
also were issued warrants to purchase up to 171,473 shares of the
Company's common stock at an exercise price of $8.75 per share. The
warrants are exercisable for a four-year period after the earliest
of (i) a change of control, or (ii) the final maturity of the
related Subordinated Notes, which is December 30, 2011. Pursuant to
an investor’s registration rights agreement, the warrants are
subject to registration rights that require the Company to use
commercially reasonable efforts to register the shares issued in
conjunction with an exercise of the warrants. Under the terms of the
Subordinated Notes, on the last day of each month, commencing on May
31, 2007 and ending on the earlier of June 30, 2008 or the final
closing, the Company pays a commitment fee on any unissued amount,
of the Subordinated Notes.
In connection with the issuance of
the Subordinated Notes, the Company incurred approximately
$1,498,000 of costs, of which approximately $763,000 was recorded as
debt discount and approximately $689,000 and $46,000 were recorded
as deferred financing costs and as a reduction to additional paid-in
capital, respectively. The Company allocated approximately $25.5
million of the expected proceeds of the Subordinated Notes to debt
and approximately $1.6 million to the warrants on the basis of their
estimated relative fair values. The allocation of proceeds
representing the fair value of the warrants was recorded as
additional debt discount on the Subordinated Notes and additional
paid-in capital.
The Company is amortizing the
total debt discount and deferred financing costs using the interest
method over the term of the Subordinated Notes. Unused commitment
fees are expensed as incurred.
At the initial April 17, 2007
closing, Subordinated Notes with a face amount of $10 million were
issued. The remaining $18 million of Subordinated Notes are required
to be issued on or before June 30, 2008. The Company intends to use
the proceeds of the Subordinated Notes offering for acquisition of
additional aircraft assets. As of June 30, 2007, the Company was in
compliance with all covenants under the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the carrying amount of the Subordinated Notes was
approximately $7,622,170 (outstanding principal amount of
$10,000,000 less unamortized debt discount of approximately
$2,377,830).
(c) Special purpose financing
In September 2000, a special
purpose subsidiary acquired a deHavilland DHC-8-100 aircraft using
cash and bank financing separate from its Credit Facility. The
related note obligation, which was due April 15, 2006, was
refinanced in April 2006, using bank financing from another lender,
and the subsidiary was dissolved. The aircraft was transferred to
AeroCentury VI LLC, a newly formed special purpose limited liability
company, which borrowed $1,650,000, due October 15, 2009. The note
bears interest at an adjustable rate of one-month LIBOR plus 3%. The
note is collateralized by the aircraft and the Company’s interest in
AeroCentury VI LLC and is non-recourse to AeroCentury Corp. Payments
due under the note consist of monthly principal and interest through
April 20, 2009, interest only from April 20, 2009 until the maturity
date, and a balloon principal payment due on the maturity date. If
the aircraft lease agreement is terminated on April 15, 2008
pursuant to a lessee early termination option, the note will be due
October 15, 2008, and the interest only period will be from April
20, 2008 through October 15, 2008. During the six months ended June
30, 2007, $152,730 of principal was repaid on the note. The balance
of the note payable at June 30, 2007 was $1,268,610 and interest of
$3,220 was accrued. As of June 30, 2007, the Company was in
compliance with all covenants of this note obligation and is
currently in compliance.
In November 2005, the Company
refinanced two DHC-8-300 aircraft that had been part of the
collateral base for its Credit Facility. The financing, by a bank
separate from its Credit Facility, was provided to a newly formed
special purpose subsidiary, AeroCentury V LLC, to which the aircraft
were transferred. The financing resulted in a note obligation in the
amount of $6,400,000, due November 10, 2008, which bears interest at
the rate 7.87%. The note is collateralized by the aircraft and is
non-recourse to AeroCentury Corp. Payments due under the note
consist of monthly principal and interest through April 22, 2008,
interest only from April 22, 2008 until the maturity date, and a
balloon principal payment due on the maturity date. During the six
months ended June 30, 2007, AeroCentury V LLC repaid $476,160 of
principal. The balance of the note payable at June 30, 2007 was
$4,944,560 and interest of $9,730 was accrued. As of June 30, 2007,
the Company was in compliance with all covenants of this note
obligation and is currently in compliance.
The availability of special
purpose financing in the future will depend on receiving specific
dispensation from the senior lenders and the Subordinated Note
holders.
(d) Cash flow
The Company's primary source of
revenue is lease rentals of its aircraft assets. It is the Company’s
policy to monitor each lessee’s needs in periods before leases are
due to expire. If it appears that a customer will not be renewing
its lease, the Company immediately initiates marketing efforts to
locate a potential new lessee or purchaser for the aircraft, in an
attempt to reduce the time that an asset will be off lease. The
Company’s aircraft are subject to leases with varying expiration
dates through January 2012. At June 30, 2007, the Company’s two Saab
340A aircraft and one turboprop engine were off lease.
Management believes that the
Company will have adequate cash flow to meet its ongoing operational
needs, including required repayments under its Credit Facility,
based upon its estimates of future revenues and expenditures. The
Company’s expectations concerning such cash flows are based on
existing lease terms and rents, as well as numerous estimates,
including (i) rents on assets to be re-leased, (ii) sale proceeds of
certain assets currently under lease, (iii) the cost and anticipated
timing of maintenance to be performed and (iv) timely acquisition of
additional aircraft and the lease thereof at favorable lease terms.
While the Company believes that the assumptions it has made in
forecasting its cash flow are reasonable in light of experience,
actual results could deviate from such assumptions. Among the more
significant external factors outside the Company’s control that
could have an impact on the accuracy of cash flow assumptions are
(i) an increase in interest rates that negatively affects the
Company’s profitability and causes the Company to violate covenants
of its Credit Facility and its Subordinated Note agreement, and may
require repayment of some or all of the amounts outstanding under
its Credit Facility, (ii) lessee non-performance or non-compliance
with lease obligations (which may affect Credit Facility collateral
limitations and Subordinated Note covenants, as well as revenue and
expenses) and (iii) an unexpected deterioration of demand for
aircraft equipment.
(i) Operating activities
The Company’s cash flow from
operations for the six months ended June 30, 2007 versus 2006
increased by approximately $2,635,000. The change in cash flow is a
result of changes in several cash flow items during the period,
including principally the following:
Lease rents, maintenance reserves
and security deposits
Payments received from lessees for
rent were approximately $603,000 higher in the first six months of
2007 versus the same period in 2006, due primarily to the effect of
increased payments for aircraft purchased in November 2006 and June
2007, rent increases for several of the Company’s aircraft and
revenue from several aircraft which had been off lease for part of
the first six months of 2006, the effects of which were partially
offset by a decrease in revenue from aircraft which were off lease
for part of the 2007 periods. Although increased demand generally in
the turboprop market has caused lease rates to stabilize and, in
some cases, rise, it cannot be predicted that rental rates on
aircraft to be re-leased will not decline, so that, absent
additional acquisitions by the Company beyond those made in June
2007, aggregate lease revenues for the current portfolio could
decline over the long term.
Payments received from lessees for
maintenance reserves decreased by approximately $330,000 in the
first six months of 2007 versus the same period in 2006, primarily
because a portion of the reserves due from two lessees, totaling
approximately $229,000, was not paid timely in 2007. In addition,
the Company received approximately $128,000 of one-time reserves
payments from lessees in 2006 when aircraft were returned at lease
end.
Security deposits received
decreased by approximately $333,000 in the first six months of 2007
versus 2006 because of a decrease in the amount of security deposits
required under leases initiated by the Company in each of the
periods and because of the amount of security deposits returned to
lessees at lease end.
Expenditures for maintenance
Expenditures for maintenance were
approximately $2,888,000 lower in the six months ended June 30, 2007
versus the same period in 2006 primarily as a result of higher
payments during 2006 for maintenance performed to prepare several of
the Company’s aircraft for remarketing and for maintenance reserves
claims submitted by lessees. The amount of expenditures for
maintenance in future periods will be dependent on the amount and
timing of maintenance paid from lessee maintenance reserves held by
the Company and maintenance paid for off-lease aircraft.
Expenditures for interest
Expenditures for interest
increased by approximately $614,000 in the first six months of 2007
compared to 2006, as a result of an increase in the Company’s
Subordinated Notes balance in 2007, which was used to repay a
portion of the Company’s senior debt, but which bears interest at a
higher rate, and increases in the index rates upon which the
Company’s senior debt interest rates are based, the effects of which
were partially offset by a lower average senior debt principal
balance and margin in 2007 compared to 2006. The amount of interest
expenditures in future periods will be determined by prevailing
interest rates and the aggregate principal balance of both its
Credit Facility debt and the Subordinated Note debt, which may be
influenced by future acquisitions and/or required repayments of
principal resulting from changes in the collateral base pursuant to
the Company’s debt agreements with its lenders. As a result of the
Company’s increased Credit Facility debt, and Subordinated Note
financings, it is likely that expenditures for interest will
increase significantly beginning in the last half of 2007 even if
interest rates remain constant.
Expenditures for acquisition fees
During the first six months of
2007 and 2006, the Company paid approximately $445,000 and $314,000,
respectively, to JMC in connection with the acquisition of aircraft.
The amount paid in 2006 was for the acquisition fee accrued in
December 2005 upon the purchase of four aircraft and which was
included in the Company’s accounts payable balance at December 31,
2005.
Expenditures for prepaid expenses
Expenditures for prepaid expenses
were approximately $767,000 higher in the first six months of 2007
versus the same period in 2006, primarily as a result of costs paid
in connection with the Company’s Subordinated Notes in April 2007.
The costs will be amortized over the term of the debt.
(ii) Investing activities
During the six months ended June
30, 2007 and 2006, the Company used approximately $13,601,000 and
$1,018,000, respectively, for aircraft acquisitions and capital
equipment installed on aircraft.
(iii) Financing activities
The Company borrowed approximately
$18,750,000 more in the first six months of 2007 versus the same
period in 2006 for aircraft financing and repaid approximately
$10,475,000 more of its outstanding debt in 2007. In 2007, the
Company’s borrowings included $10,000,000 of Subordinated Notes,
which was used to repay a portion of the Company’s Credit Facility
debt. In 2006, the Company’s borrowings included $1,650,000 for the
refinancing of an aircraft and repayments included approximately
$1,566,000 which was repaid from the refinancing proceeds.
Outlook
In April 2007, the Company signed
an agreement for a $25 million increase in its revolving Credit
Facility, with the ability to increase the maximum amount available
under the facility to $110 million. At the same time, the Company
issued $10 million of the Subordinated Notes, and is required to
draw the remaining $18 million (for a total of $28 million) on or
before June 30, 2008. As the Subordinated Notes bear fixed interest
of 16% per annum immediately upon issuance, as well as an unused
commitment fee on the unissued balance, an important factor in the
Company’s near term results will be the Company’s ability to
expediently locate and acquire assets using the Subordinated Note
proceeds, in order to generate revenue to offset the increased
interest expense. The Company anticipates that the combined Credit
Facility increase and potential for a further increase in the Credit
Facility by an additional $30 million, along with the Subordinated
Debt financing, should provide sufficient capital for its projected
short- and medium-term future acquisitions.
In March 2007, the Company and the
lessee of two aircraft, which have leases expiring in May and July
2008, agreed to an early return of the aircraft based on the
lessee’s financial difficulties. The Company is seeking re-lease or
sale opportunities for these aircraft. There is no assurance as to
when the Company will be successful in its efforts to re-lease or
sell the aircraft, but the Company believes that, even if the
aircraft are off lease for an extended period of time, it will be
able to remain in compliance with the terms of its Credit Facility
and Subordinated Notes. Since the lessee of the aircraft has
essentially ceased operations, the Company may incur significant
unreimbursed expense in order to prepare the aircraft for re-lease
or resale, the magnitude of which is unknown at this time.
Three of the Company’s aircraft
leases are scheduled to expire during the fourth quarter of 2007.
The Company expects that all but one of them will be renewed. The
Company believes that it will be able to re-lease the one aircraft
it expects to be returned at lease end and that, even if the
aircraft is off lease for an extended period of time, it will be
able to remain in compliance with the terms of its Credit Facility
and Subordinated Notes.
The Company continually monitors
the financial condition of its lessees to avoid unanticipated
creditworthiness issues, and where necessary, works with lessees to
ensure continued compliance with both monetary and non-monetary
obligations under their respective leases. Currently, the Company is
closely monitoring the performance of two lessees with a total of
three aircraft under lease. For one of these lessees, the Company
records operating lease revenue and maintenance reserves income as
cash is received. The Company continues to work closely with these
lessees to ensure compliance with their current obligations. During
the first six months of 2007, the Company incurred $16,000 of bad
debt expense related to amounts owed by the lessee of two of the
Company’s aircraft, discussed above. If any of the Company's current
lessees are unable to meet their lease obligations, the Company's
future results could be materially impacted. Any weakening in the
aircraft industry may also affect the performance of lessees that
currently appear to the Company to be creditworthy. See "Factors
that May Affect Future Results – General Economic Conditions,"
below.
Commencing in 2007, due to the
recent adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1, as discussed in Note 1 to the
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and under “Critical
Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates, c. Maintenance
Reserves and Accrued Costs”, the Company accrues non-refundable
maintenance reserves received from lessees as income based on
aircraft usage and records maintenance expenses as incurred. The
Company accrues estimated maintenance costs based on information
provided by its third party lessees and, accordingly, estimates of
such expenses depend on timely and accurate reporting by such
parties. As a result, the Company believes that its reported net
income may be subject to greater fluctuations from
quarter-to-quarter than would have been the case had the Company
continued its use of the previous method of accounting for planned
major maintenance activities.
Factors that May Affect Future
Results
Risks of Debt Financing. The
Company’s use of debt as the primary form of acquisition financing
subjects the Company to increased risks of leveraging. With respect
to the credit facility, the loans are secured by the Company’s
existing assets as well as the specific assets acquired with each
financing. In addition to payment obligations, the credit facility
also requires the Company to comply with certain financial
covenants, including a requirement of positive earnings, interest
coverage and net worth ratios. Any default under the credit
facility, if not waived by the lenders, could result in foreclosure
upon not only the asset acquired using such financing, but also the
existing assets of the Company securing the loan.
The addition of the Subordinated
Note debt, while providing additional resources for acquisition by
the Company of revenue generating assets, also has the effect of
increasing the Company’s overall cost of capital, as the
Subordinated Notes bear an effective overall interest rate that is
higher than the rate charged on the credit facility. Since the
Subordinated Notes bear interest immediately upon issuance, the
Company’s success in utilizing the proceeds to purchase income
generating assets will be critical to the financial results of the
Company. The Company has not yet identified specific asset
acquisitions for which the entire amount of the Subordinated Note
proceeds will be applied, but believes that it will be successful in
timely acquiring appropriate assets for acquisition to take full
financial advantage of the additional resources provided under the
increased credit facility and Subordinated Note financing.
Interest Rate Risk. The Company’s
current credit facility and the indebtedness of one of its special
purpose subsidiaries carry a floating interest rate based upon
either the lender’s prime rate or a floating LIBOR rate. Lease
rates, generally, but not always, move with interest rates, but
market demand for the asset also affects lease rates. Because lease
rates are fixed at the origination of leases, interest rate
increases during the term of a lease have no effect on existing
lease payments. Therefore, if interest rates rise significantly, and
there is relatively little lease origination by the Company
following such rate increases, the Company could experience lower
net earnings. Further, even if significant lease origination occurs
following such rate increases, if the contemporaneous aircraft
market forces result in lower or flat rental rates, the Company
could experience lower net earnings as well.
Recent actions by the Federal
Reserve Board indicate that its previous moves to increase the
prevailing short term borrowing rates have ceased for the time
being, but there is no assurance that economic circumstances may not
cause the Board to resume moving short term borrowing rates higher.
The Company has not hedged its variable rate debt obligations and
such obligations are based on short-term interest rate indexes.
Consequently, if an interest rate increase were great enough, the
Company might not be able to generate sufficient lease revenue to
meet its interest payment and other obligations and comply with the
net earnings covenant of its credit facility.
Credit Facility Obligations. The
Company is obligated to make repayment of principal under the credit
facility in order to maintain certain debt ratios with respect to
its assets in the borrowing base. Assets that come off lease and
remain off-lease for a period of time are removed from the borrowing
base. The Company believes it will have sufficient cash funds to
make any payment that arises due to borrowing base limitations
caused by assets scheduled to come off lease in the near term. The
Company’s belief is based on certain assumptions regarding renewal
of existing leases, a lack of extraordinary interest rate increases,
continuing profitability, no lessee defaults or bankruptcies, and
certain other matters that the Company deems reasonable in light of
its experience in the industry. There can be no assurance that the
Company’s assumptions will prove to be correct. If the assumptions
are incorrect (for example, if an asset in the collateral base
unexpectedly goes off lease for an extended period of time) and the
Company has not obtained an applicable waiver or amendment of
applicable covenants from its lenders to mitigate the situation, the
Company may have to sell a significant portion of its portfolio in
order to maintain compliance with covenants or face default on its
credit facility.
Warrant Issuance. As part of the
Subordinated Note financing, the Company has issued warrants to
purchase up to 171,473 shares of the Company’s common stock, which
is equal to 10% of the post-exercise fully diluted capitalization of
the Company. The exercise price under the Warrants is $8.75 per
share. If the warrants to purchase shares are exercised, this could
lead to dilution to the existing holders of Common Stock. This
dilution of the Company’s common stock could depress its trading
price.
Concentration of Lessees and
Aircraft Type. Currently, the Company’s four largest customers are
located in the Netherlands Antilles, Sweden, Belgium and Taiwan and
currently account for approximately 13%, 12%, 12% and 10%,
respectively, of the Company’s monthly lease revenue. A lease
default by or collection problems with one or a combination of any
of these significant customers could have a disproportionate
negative impact on the Company’s financial results, and therefore,
the Company’s operating results are especially sensitive to any
negative developments with respect to these customers in terms of
lease compliance or collection. Such concentration of lessee credit
risk will diminish in the future only if the Company is able to
lease additional assets to new lessees.
The Company owns fourteen Fokker
50, eight DHC-8-300 and two Fokker 100 aircraft, making these three
aircraft types the dominant types in the portfolio and representing
31%, 32% and 13%, respectively, based on net book value. As a
result, a change in the desirability and availability of any of
these types of aircraft, which would in turn affect valuations of
such aircraft, would have a disproportionately large impact on the
Company’s portfolio value. Such aircraft type concentration will
diminish if the Company acquires additional assets of other types.
Conversely, acquisition of these types of aircraft will increase the
Company’s risks related to its concentration of those aircraft
types.
Investment in New Aircraft Types.
The Company has traditionally invested in a limited number of types
of turboprop aircraft and engines. While the Company intends to
continue to focus solely on regional aircraft and engines, the
Company has recently closed acquisitions of Fokker 100 regional jet
aircraft, and may continue to seek acquisition opportunities for
types and models of regional jet and turboprop aircraft and engines
used in the Company's targeted customer base of regional air
carriers that are new to its portfolio. Acquisition of other
aircraft types and engines not previously acquired by the Company
entails greater ownership risk due to the Company's lack of
experience with those types. The Company believes, however, that JMC
personnel's overall industry experience and its technical resources
should permit the Company to effectively manage such new aircraft.
Further, the broadening of the asset types in the aircraft portfolio
may have a countervailing benefit of diversifying the Company's
portfolio (See "Factors That May Affect Future Results –
Concentration of Lessees and Aircraft Type,” above).
Increased Compliance Costs. The
Company has commenced documenting its internal control systems and
procedures and will need to consider improvements that may be
necessary in order to comply with the requirements of Section 404 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the current requirement is for
management's assessment by year end 2007 and for the independent
registered public accounting firm audit of management's assessment
to be completed by year end 2008). Such improvements and assessments
could result in significantly higher fees and expenses Increases
will generally arise from increased auditor responsibilities,
including broadening of the scope of the auditor's examination to
include the Company's internal controls. If the regulations remain
unchanged, the Company anticipates that it will have sufficient
funds to pay for the increased compliance costs.
Lessee Credit Risk. If a customer
defaults upon its lease obligations, the Company may be limited in
its ability to enforce remedies. Most of the Company’s lessees are
small regional passenger airlines, which may be even more sensitive
to airline industry market conditions than the major airlines. As a
result, the Company’s inability to collect rent under a lease or to
repossess equipment in the event of a default by a lessee could have
a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenue. If a lessee that
is a certified U.S. airline is in default under the lease and seeks
protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code,
Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code would automatically prevent the
Company from exercising any remedies for a period of 60 days. After
the 60-day period has passed, the lessee must agree to perform the
obligations and cure any defaults, or the Company will have the
right to repossess the equipment. This procedure under the
Bankruptcy Code has been subject to significant recent litigation,
however, and it is possible that the Company’s enforcement rights
may be further adversely affected by a declaration of bankruptcy by
a defaulting lessee. Most of the Company’s lessees are foreign and
not subject to U.S. bankruptcy laws but there may be similar
applicable foreign bankruptcy debtor protection schemes available to
foreign carriers.
Leasing Risks. The Company’s
successful negotiation of lease extensions, re-leases and sales may
be critical to its ability to achieve its financial objectives, and
involves a number of risks. Demand for lease or purchase of the
assets depends on the economic condition of the airline industry
which is, in turn, sensitive to general economic conditions. The
ability to remarket equipment at acceptable rates may depend on the
demand and market values at the time of remarketing. The Company
anticipates that the bulk of the equipment it acquires will be used
aircraft equipment. The market for used aircraft is cyclical, and
generally reflects economic conditions and the strength of the
travel and transportation industry. The demand for and value of many
types of used aircraft in the recent past has been depressed by such
factors as airline financial difficulties, increased fuel costs, the
number of new aircraft on order and the number of aircraft coming
off-lease. Values may also increase for certain aircraft types that
become desirable based on market conditions and changing airline
capacity. If the Company were to purchase an aircraft during a
period of increasing values, it would need a corresponding higher
lease rate.
The Company’s current
concentration in a limited number of turboprop airframe and aircraft
engine types subjects the Company to economic risks if an airframe
or engine type owned by the Company should significantly decline in
value relative to the assets’ purchase price. To date, turboprop
aircraft have been the primary equipment type used by regional air
carriers on the shorter segments served by such carriers. Even
though regional jets are more expensive to operate than turboprops
on those routes, a move motivated by non-economic factors by
regional carriers to serve those routes with regional jets could
lessen the demand for turboprop equipment. This could result in
lower lease rates and values for turboprop aircraft, of which the
Company’s portfolio primarily consists.
Risks Related to Regional Air
Carriers. Because the Company has concentrated its existing leases,
and intends to continue to concentrate future leases, on regional
air carriers, it is subject to additional risks. Some of the lessees
in the regional air carrier market are companies that are start-up,
low capital, low margin operations. Often, the success of such
carriers is dependent upon contractual arrangements with major trunk
carriers or franchises from governmental agencies that provide
subsidies for operating essential air routes, both of which may be
subject to termination or cancellation with short notice periods.
Because of this exposure, the Company typically is able to obtain
generally higher lease rates from these types of lessees. In the
event of a business failure of the lessee or its bankruptcy, the
Company can generally regain possession of its aircraft, but the
aircraft could be in substantially worse condition than would be the
case if the aircraft were returned in accordance with the provisions
of the lease at lease expiration.
The Company evaluates the credit
risk of each lessee carefully, and attempts to obtain a third party
guaranty, letters of credit or other credit enhancements, if it
deems them necessary. There is no assurance, however, that such
enhancements will be available or that, if obtained, they will fully
protect the Company from losses resulting from a lessee default or
bankruptcy. Also, a significant area of market growth is outside of
the United States, where collection and enforcement are often more
difficult and complicated than in the United States. During 2006 and
2005, the Company incurred bad debt expense related to amounts owed
by three former lessees. This expense materially affected the
Company's financial performance. If any of the Company's current
lessees are unable to meet their lease obligations, the Company's
future results could be materially impacted.
Reliance on JMC. All management of
the Company is performed by JMC under a management agreement which
is in the ninth year of a 20-year term and provides for an
asset-based management fee. JMC is not a fiduciary to the Company or
its stockholders. The Company’s Board of Directors has ultimate
control and supervisory responsibility over all aspects of the
Company and owes fiduciary duties to the Company and its
stockholders. The Board has no control over the internal operations
of JMC, but the Board does have the ability and responsibility to
manage the Company's relationship with JMC and the performance of
JMC's obligations to the Company under the management agreement, as
it would have for any third party service provider to the Company.
While JMC may not owe any fiduciary duties to the Company by virtue
of the management agreement, the officers of JMC are also officers
of the Company, and in that capacity owe fiduciary duties to the
Company and its stockholders. In addition, certain officers of the
Company hold significant ownership positions in the Company and JHC,
the parent company of JMC.
The JMC management agreement may
be terminated if JMC defaults on its obligations to the Company.
However, the agreement provides for liquidated damages in the event
of its wrongful termination by the Company. All of the officers of
JMC are also officers of the Company, and certain directors of the
Company are also directors of JMC. Consequently, the directors and
officers of JMC may have a conflict of interest in the event of a
dispute between the Company and JMC. Although the Company has taken
steps to prevent conflicts of interest arising from such dual roles,
such conflicts may still occur.
JMC has acted as the management
company for two other aircraft portfolio owners, JetFleet III, which
raised approximately $13,000,000 from investors, and AeroCentury IV,
Inc. (“AeroCentury IV”), which raised approximately $5,000,000 from
investors. In the first quarter of 2002, AeroCentury IV defaulted on
certain obligations to noteholders. In June 2002, the indenture
trustee for AeroCentury IV’s noteholders repossessed AeroCentury
IV’s assets and took over management of AeroCentury IV’s remaining
assets. JetFleet III defaulted on its bond obligation of $11,076,350
in May 2004. The indenture trustee for JetFleet III bondholders
repossessed JetFleet III’s unsold assets in late May 2004.
Ownership Risks. The Company’s
portfolio is leased under operating leases, where the terms of the
leases are less than the entire anticipated useful life of an asset.
The Company’s ability to recover its purchase investment in an asset
subject to an operating lease is dependent upon the Company’s
ability to profitably re-lease or sell the asset after the
expiration of the initial lease term. Some of the factors that have
an impact on the Company’s ability to re-lease or sell include
worldwide economic conditions, general aircraft market conditions,
regulatory changes that may make an asset’s use more expensive or
preclude use unless the asset is modified, changes in the supply or
cost of aircraft equipment and technological developments which
cause the asset to become obsolete. In addition, a successful
investment in an asset subject to an operating lease depends in part
upon having the asset returned by the lessee in the condition as
required under the lease. If the Company is unable to remarket its
aircraft equipment on favorable terms when the operating leases for
such equipment expire, the Company’s business, financial condition,
cash flow, ability to service debt and results of operations could
be adversely affected.
Furthermore, an asset impairment
charge against the Company’s earnings may result from the occurrence
of unexpected adverse changes that impact the Company’s estimates of
expected cash flows generated from such asset. The Company
periodically reviews long-term assets for impairments, in
particular, when events or changes in circumstances indicate the
carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment
loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset is not
recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The Company may be required
to recognize asset impairment charges in the future as a result of a
prolonged weak economic environment, challenging market conditions
in the airline industry or events related to particular lessees,
assets or asset types.
International Risks. The Company
has focused on leases in overseas markets, which the Company
believes present opportunities. Leases with foreign lessees,
however, may present somewhat different risks than those with
domestic lessees.
Foreign laws, regulations and
judicial procedures may be more or less protective of lessor rights
than those which apply in the United States. The Company could
experience collection or repossession problems related to the
enforcement of its lease agreements under foreign local laws and the
remedies in foreign jurisdictions. The protections potentially
offered by Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code do not apply to
non-U.S. carriers, and applicable local law may not offer similar
protections. Certain countries do not have a central registration or
recording system with which to locally establish the Company’s
interest in equipment and related leases. This could make it more
difficult for the Company to recover an aircraft in the event of a
default by a foreign lessee.
A lease with a foreign lessee is
subject to risks related to the economy of the country or region in
which such lessee is located, which may be weaker than the U.S.
economy. On the other hand, a foreign economy may remain strong even
though the U.S. economy does not. A foreign economic downturn may
impact a foreign lessee’s ability to make lease payments, even
though the U.S. and other economies remain stable. Furthermore,
foreign lessees are subject to risks related to currency conversion
fluctuations. Although the Company’s current leases are all payable
in U.S. dollars, the Company may agree in the future to leases that
permit payment in foreign currency, which would subject such lease
revenue to monetary risk due to currency fluctuations. Even with
U.S. dollar-denominated lease payment provisions, the Company could
still be affected by a devaluation of the lessee’s local currency
that would make it more difficult for a lessee to meet its U.S.
dollar-denominated lease payments, increasing the risk of default of
that lessee, particularly if its revenue is primarily derived in the
local currency.
Government Regulation. There are a
number of areas in which government regulation may result in costs
to the Company. These include aircraft registration, safety
requirements, required equipment modifications, and aircraft noise
requirements. Although it is contemplated that the burden and cost
of complying with such requirements will fall primarily upon lessees
of equipment, there can be no assurance that the cost will not fall
on the Company. Furthermore, future government regulations could
cause the value of any non-complying equipment owned by the Company
to decline substantially.
Competition. The aircraft leasing
industry is highly competitive. The Company competes with aircraft
manufacturers, distributors, airlines and other operators, equipment
managers, leasing companies, equipment leasing programs, financial
institutions and other parties engaged in leasing, managing or
remarketing aircraft, many of which have significantly greater
financial resources. However, the Company believes that it is
competitive because of JMC’s experience and operational efficiency
in identifying and obtaining financing for the transaction types
desired by regional air carriers. This market segment, which is
characterized by transaction sizes of less than $10 million and
lessee credits that may be strong, but are generally unrated, is not
well served by the Company’s larger competitors. JMC has developed a
reputation as a global participant in this segment of the market,
and the Company believes that JMC’s reputation benefits the Company.
There is, however, no assurance that the lack of significant
competition from larger aircraft leasing companies will continue or
that the reputation of JMC will continue to be strong in this market
segment.
Casualties, Insurance Coverage.
The Company, as owner of transportation equipment, may be named in a
suit claiming damages for injuries or damage to property caused by
its assets. As a triple net lessor, the Company is generally
protected against such claims, since the lessee would be responsible
for, insure against and indemnify the Company for such claims.
Further, some protection may be provided by the United States
Aviation Act with respect to the Company’s aircraft assets. It is,
however, not clear to what extent such statutory protection would be
available to the Company, and the United States Aviation Act may not
apply to aircraft operated in foreign countries. Also, although the
Company’s leases generally require a lessee to insure against likely
risks, there may be certain cases where the loss is not entirely
covered by the lessee or its insurance. Though this is a remote
possibility, an uninsured loss with respect to the equipment, or an
insured loss for which insurance proceeds are inadequate, would
result in a possible loss of invested capital in and any profits
anticipated from, such equipment, as well as a potential claim
directly against the Company.
General Economic Conditions. The
Company’s business is dependent upon general economic conditions and
the strength of the travel and transportation industry. The industry
has experienced a severe cyclical downturn which began in 2001.
While the industry is once again beginning to recover and expand, it
is unclear whether any recovery will be a sustained one. Any
recovery could be stalled or reversed by any number of events or
circumstances, including the global economy slipping back into
recession, or specific events related to the air travel industry,
such as terrorist attacks, or an increase in operational or labor
costs. Recent spikes in oil prices, if they persist, may have a
negative effect on airline profits and increase the likelihood of
weakening results for airlines that have not hedged aircraft fuel
costs, and in the most extreme cases, may initiate or accelerate the
failure of many already marginally profitable carriers.
Since regional carriers are
generally not as well-capitalized as major air carriers, any
economic setback in the industry may result in the increased
possibility of an economic failure of one or more of the Company’s
lessees, particularly since many carriers are undertaking expansion
of capacity to accommodate the recovering air passenger traffic. If
lessees experience financial difficulties, this could, in turn,
affect the Company’s financial performance.
During any periods of economic
contraction, carriers generally reduce capacity, in response to
lower passenger loads, and as a result, there is a reduced demand
for aircraft and a corresponding decrease in market lease rental
rates and aircraft values. This reduced market value for aircraft
could affect the Company’s results if the market value of an asset
or assets in the Company’s aircraft portfolio falls below carrying
value, and the Company determines that a write-down of the value on
the Company’s balance sheet is appropriate. Furthermore, as older
leases expire and are replaced by lease renewals or re-leases at
de